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Observation of the Week!

September 4, 1996

Cosmic Collision

The Antennae Galaxies
Image Credits: The European Space Agency (ESA) - left image; Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) - right image.

Imagine the drama when two objects, each containing billions of times the mass of our sun, collide at speeds of several hundred miles per second. That's what you are seeing in the above images. Two galaxies, 60 million light-years away, have had a near head-on collision and are believed to be merging into a single galaxy.

This collision has disturbed the gas in both of the galaxies, compressed it, and triggered the formation of large numbers of stars. An image taken with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) shows that the regions of the most copious star formation lie in a ring around the center of one of the galaxies and along a bar that connects the two galaxies (left image). An enlarged ground-based view shows a string of bright knots in the star-forming regions. The knots are clouds of gas illuminated by clusters of very hot, young stars.

The collision between the galaxies threw off gas along two narrow curved tails that extend well beyond the above images. One of the tails can just barely be seen in the infrared image. In long-exposure photographs, the tails look like a giant insect's antennae and are the reason for the galaxies' name, the Antennae.

More Cool Stuff

The infrared image above came from a press release of the European Space Agency (ESA), February 14, 1996, reporting on the first science results from ISO:
http://isowww.estec.esa.nl/activities/info/iso_pr96.html
You'll find the ISO homepage on:
http://isowww.estec.esa.nl
The ground-based image of the Antennae galaxies was obtained with the 2.1-meter telescope of the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO). The homepage of the KPNO is:
http://www.noao.edu/kpno/kpno.html
The Antennae galaxies are featured on several Web sites. One is the Astronomical Picture Gallery at Ohio State University. Another one is at Rice University (click on "See some galaxies with tails"):
http://www-astronomy.mps.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/gallery.html
http://www.owlnet.rice.edu:80/~bethany/firstpage.html

Check out other observations in the Observation of the Week Archive.



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